![]() The infection often responds well to antibiotics. Kidney infections are more common in females than in males and more likely to affect those who are pregnant. Changes in the urine may include the presence of blood, cloudiness, and an unusual odor. The symptoms can include lower back pain, painful urination, and, sometimes, fever. Kidney infections tend to result from bacteria in the bladder that transfer to the kidneys. They can cause intense pain and might affect kidney function if they block the ureter. Stones can form as a solid buildup of minerals in the kidneys. The symptoms may not become apparent until years after the damage starts to develop. In people with diabetic nephropathy, damage occurs to the capillaries of the kidney as a result of long-term diabetes. ![]() Environmental or medical factors may lead to kidney disease, and they can cause functional and structural problems from birth in some people. It increases both the amount of calcium that the intestines can absorb and the reabsorption of phosphate in the kidney.Ī range of diseases can affect the kidneys. Calcitriol: This is the hormonally active metabolite of vitamin D. ![]() Lymph is a fluid that contains white blood cells, which support immune activity, and interstitial fluid is the main component of extracellular fluid.
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